Micro + Soft - The Split Of An Empire Essays - Competition Law

Micro + Soft - The Split Of An Empire Micro + Soft - The Split of an Empire Kendra Phelps BUS 415.3 / Business Law Rob Goodwin July 5, 2000 Table of Contents I. Introduction: The Allegations and the Laws 3 II. Introduction: The Proof 4 III. Trial 5 Table 1 6 IV. The Proposal 8 V. Microsoft's Response 9 VI. The Foes and Their Thoughts 11 VII. Current Status and Discussion 12 VIII. Recommendations 15 References 18 Micro + Soft - The Split of an Empire Could the megalosaurus business that was conceived in 1975 really be split in two - or three? This is what U.S. District Court Judge Thomas Penfield Jackson has decreed in order to put a stop to the monopolistic shenanigans that Microsoft calls business as usual. The Department of Justice (DOJ) and 20 states are suing Microsoft Corporation in one of the largest antitrust lawsuits brought about since the investigation and ensuing breakup of AT&T in 1984. If Judge Jackson gets his way, Microsoft (MS) could very well be two different companies sparring with each other. I. Introduction: The Allegations and the Laws Essentially, the plaintiffs are charging Microsoft with the following three violations: 1) Microsoft has waged an criminal campaign in defense of its monopoly position in the market for operating systems designed to run on Intel-compatible personal computers (PCs). More specifically, the plaintiffs contend that Microsoft violated Section 2 of the Sherman Act by engaging in a series of exclusionary, anticompetitive, and pillaging acts to maintain its monopoly power. They also assert that Microsoft attempted, although unsuccessfully to date, to monopolize the Web browser market, which is also in violation of Section 2 of the Sherman Act. Finally, they claim that some specific measures taken by Microsoft as part of its campaign to protect its monopoly power, specifically, tying its browser to its operating system and entering into exclusive dealing arrangements, are also a violation of the Sherman Act, Section 1 . II. Introduction: The Proof The plaintiffs have already shown at trial that MS possesses an extremely dominant, persistent, and increasing share of the relevant market. Microsoft's share of the worldwide market for Intel-compatible PC operating systems currently exceeds 95 percent, and the company's share would rest well above 80 percent even if the Mac OS were included in the figures. The plaintiffs also proved that the applications barrier to entry protects Microsoft's dominant market share. This barrier ensures that no Intel-compatible PC operating system other than Windows can attract significant consumer demand, and the barrier would operate to the same effect even if Microsoft held its prices substantially above the competitive level for a protracted period of time. Together, the proof of dominant market share and the existence of a substantial barrier to effective entry create the presumption that Microsoft enjoys monopoly power. Microsoft did not create the barrier to entry all by itself, the consumers' preferences helped this along, however, Microsoft took specific predatory measures to make sure that its product attracted the market and ultimately trapped the market. Section 2 of the Sherman Act prohibits the act of monopolization. This means that the act itself is unlawful, not monopolies. It states that Every person who shall monopolize, or attempt to monopolize, or combine or conspire with any other person or person, to monopolize any part of the trade or commerce among the several States, or with foreign nations, shall be deemed guilty of a felony. Here is the law - the plaintiffs found the proof. They found it in many of MS's actions and in their contracts with distributors and they have written testimony, records, and even admissions by MS of their many actions. Yet, MS still maintains that it is not a monopoly. Unfortunately for MS, there are only two defenses to the allegation of monopolizing that have been acknowledged. One is the defense of innocent acquisition, meaning that they somehow gained acquisition (or purchased) because of superior skills or foresight and that it wasn't calculated or targeted. The second defense for monopolizing that is recognized is a natural monopoly. This means that there would be a very modest market that could only support one competitor, such as a small town coffee shop, newspaper, or video store. Obviously, Microsoft doesn't fit into either category, and if it did fit into one of

List of Death Quotations From Shakespeare

List of Death Quotations From Shakespeare Shakespeares tragedies have some deeply moving death-quotes. His quotations on death bring tears rolling down the cheeks. The sadness in the quotes moves you so much that you feel as though you have experienced a great loss. Here is a page of some of Shakespeares most moving death quotes. A Midsummer Nights Dream, Act V, Sc. IThis passion, and the death of a dear  friend, would go near to make a man look sad.Hamlet, Act V, Sc. IIThis fell sergeant, death,Is strict in his arrest.Hamlet, Act II, Sc. IIThey are the abstract and brief chronicles of the time: after your death, you were better have a bad epitaph than their ill report while you live. Hamlet,  Act III, Sc. I For in that sleep of death what dreams may come,When we have shuffled off this mortal coil,Must give us pause. Julius Caesar, Act II, Sc. IICowards die many times before their deaths;The valiant never taste of death but once.Julius Caesar,​ Act II, Sc. IIWhen beggars die, there are no comets seen;The heavens themselves blaze forth the death of princes.King Henry IV. Part II, Act I, Sc. III were better to be eaten to death with a rust than to be scoured to nothing with perpetual motion.Macbeth, Act V, Sc. VTo-morrow, and to-morrow, and to-morrow,Creeps in this petty pace from day to day,To the last syllable of recorded time;And all our yesterdays have lighted foolsThe way to dusty death. Out, out, brief candle!Lifes but a walking shadow.Macbeth, Act V, Sc. VIThose clamorous harbingers of blood and death.Othello, Act II, Sc. IIf after every tempest come such calms,May the winds blow till they have wakend death!The Merchant of Venice, Act IV, Sc. II am a tainted wether of the flock,Meetest for death: the weakest kind of fruitDrops earliest to the ground. Twelfth Night, Act III, Sc. IVOut of the jaws of death. Measure for Measure,   Act III, Sc. 1  If I must dieI will encounter darkness as a bride,And hug it in mine arms. Richard II, Act III, Sc. IIWoe, destruction, ruin, and decay;The worst is death, and death will have his day. Romeo and Juliet,  Act V, Sc. IIIEyes, look your last!Arms, take your last embrace! and lips, O youThe doors of breath, seal with a righteous kissA dateless bargain to engrossing death. Cymbeline,   Act IV, Sc. 2Golden lads and girls all must,As chimney-sweepers, come to dust. Henry VI, Part III, Act V, Sc. 2My sick heart showsThat I must yield my body to the earth,And, by my fall, the conquest to my foe.Thus yields the cedar to the axes edge,Whose arms gave shelter to the princely eagle;Under whose shade the ramping lion slept:Whose top-branch overpeerd Joves spreading tree,And kept low shrubs from winters powerful wind.

Multimedia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Multimedia - Essay Example That is because the work of a medical assistant is never done and requires a tremendous amount of paperwork and book-keeping in order to ensure a smoothly run office. However, I believe that there is one aspect of patient record keeping that will benefit from a multimedia advancement. Lets face it, a new client coming in for a consultation at the doctors office is still required to fill in the patient information card manually. This means that as a Medical Assistant, I would still have to manually input the information into the database after the first consultation. In such cases, there will be a tendency for me to overlook such files for record keeping due to the sheer volume of records and paperwork that I need to keep track of. It would greatly benefit the job and ensure the quick and easy access to patient files if the first time patients are asked to fill in an electronic form instead that automatically saves to the server in the doctors office along with other patient files. D oing so will eliminate the redundancy of having to manually input the same information into the computer when opportunity permits. By having such a program in existence, there will no longer be any lost records or delayed input of information. Rather, the patient will be able to accurately input his personal information and be assured of the confidentiality of his file since no one else but his doctor will be able to see the file on an immediate

The Economy of Bermuda Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

The Economy of Bermuda - Research Paper Example The country has enjoyed steady economic superiority since the end of the Second World War, although it has been affected by recession since 2007 following the global recession. The country enjoys the fourth highest per capita income, which is 50 percent higher than that of the US. The industrial sector mainly focuses on construction, and there is little agriculture since only 20 percent of the island is arable. Bermuda has a robust financial regulatory system making it an important regional and global offshore financial center. International business is the major foreign exchange generating industry in the country (Anderson, 2011). Bermuda is a reinsurance center and an insurance region with firms writing significant business from USA and U.K. In 2010, 15,078 international companies were registered in the island, many of which are U.S owned (Reinsurance Association of America, 2011). These companies spent approximately $2 billion in the country in 2009, making them an important source of foreign exchange. This sector provided $1.5 billion in its total output corresponding to 26.1 percent of the total GDP. International business is also the third largest employer in the country. The sector had 4,287 jobs in 2010, a reduction from 4,431 in 2009. This reduction has made tourism the largest employer in Bermuda. Bermuda has little exports and manufacturing since most manufactured goods and foodstuffs are imported. The value of imports rose from $551 million in 1994 to 1.051 billion on 2009. USA is the primary trading partner for Bermuda, with $663 million coming from U.S imports (U.S. Bureau of Census, 2011). Other countries involved in the import chain are the UK, Canada, and Caribbean countries. Bermuda’s exports are mainly re-exports of pharmaceuticals. These exports are valued at $783 million and export partners include Spain, Germany, Denmark, and the UK.

Sustainability of autoclaved cellular concrete Essay

Sustainability of autoclaved cellular concrete - Essay Example This building material is suitable for formation of inner leaf of cavity walls, walls, floors by combining with aircrete beams, ceilings due to their excellent thermal insulators. They can easily be shaped into anything the builder’s desire making it favorable. This has given rise to a complete construction system with complementary products all over the World.AAC ensures a comfortable environment with all the satisfactions of the modern building (mhe aac, 2013). Advantages of Engineering and constructing using Autoclaved Aerated Concrete. Engineers and constructors who have been in the game for a long time will weigh many options on what kind of building materials to use for construction. They consider the pros and cons of each building materials they have used to advise a client before settling on one. In this case AAC is the building material of choice. The following are some of the factors of autoclaved aerated concrete which make the choice favorable. 1. Portability. ... 2. Flexibility This is evident in shaping, cutting process as it reduces the chance of wasting so much in terms of building materials. This kind of workability will be of so much good to a client in cutting costs. Since AAC has the ability to offer a combination of structural capability and insulation it makes it suitable for almost everything from walls, roofs and floors. 3. Durability Its ability to resist water, mildew, rotting, rust and insect’s invasion unlike things like timber make it longer lasting. This will ensure a stable construction. 4. Fire Resistance. Autoclaved aerated concrete is known to have a higher thermal mass, provide air tightness making it non combustible. It can resist fire with excellence and will not produce toxic fumes unlike other building materials due to their R-value which is slightly higher than R-1. 5. Air leakage is very low as compared to other building materials due to its production process. Its however not fair to talk of only advantages without mentioning a few drawbacks related to AAC.According to a report written by Stefan Schnitzler AAC has some disadvantages more so in the United States. Stefan states that in the US there are a few manufacturers and the only manufacturer Hebel Operations who was left moved his operations to Mexico making it a bit expensive hence not adopted by many US citizens (Melton, 2012). He also mentions that since the mortar application process has to be precise builders need to learn on curves (Melton, 2012). In the US the material has to come from Mexico meaning that the probability of an increase in mileage will result to a higher cost as well. AAC is only good for residential building rather than for high rising buildings

Credit Card Fraud Detection through Data Mining

Credit Card Fraud Detection through Data Mining Abstract With the increasing fraudsters day to day, the fallacious transaction is rapidly growing thus making the frauds in this scenario a matter of high importance. Huge database patterns are identified by various data mining models assisting to strengthen and detect the credit card fraud. This research primarily focusses on Credit Card Fraud Detection analyzing two different methods used to detect fraudulent systems and implement the new technologies to the system to minimize frauds in credit card transactions Keywords- Data Mining, Methods, Credit Card, Fraud Detection, Hybrid Technology, Neural Network, Support Vector System Data Mining is filled with application growth opportunities and research which are reliable and usable from the data. Rapid development of e-commerce, usage of credit card has become well known mode for online and regular transactions, increasing the credit card fraud simultaneously. Fraud detection is a complicated problem as unwanted transactions are hidden in the authoriosed transaction. Due to security reasons and also to gain trust of users credit card fraud detection has now become important to companies. Neural Networks [1], Bayesian Network [2], Hidden NaÃÆ' ¯ve Bayes Network [12], Dempster Shafer [10] are few methods to be justified in detecting the credit card fraudulent system. With the new technologies, it has now become easy for the companies and banks to detect the fraudulent system. With the growing credit card fraud problem in the industry this literature review will help us to understand and detect the techniques involved in detecting the fraudulent system. We will be describing two different approaches Neural Network and Support vector machine approach thus learning a new method to minimize the fraudulent system. This paper helps us to analyze data mining methods with respect to credit card fraud system. A. Neural Network Approach Neural network fraud detection method is primarily based on working of a human brain. Just as the human brain is capable of learning things from the previous experiences and uses the knowledge to decide things occurring in day to day problems the same strategy is used while detecting a credit card fraud with Neural Network system. Neural Network can reflect a small part of complexity and regulation Banks use this kind of network method to detect the credit card fraud. The moment a transaction takes place there are a set of attributes attached to it characterizing the account holder, the amount and the merchant. Considering an example, for the Mellow Bank Fraud Detection Feasibility Study a particular archived amount of data was used for model development as the authorized data wasnt easily available due to security reasons. P-RCE [3] neural network technique is used. P-RCE is used for pattern recognition as it helps to describe what exactly the human brain is thinking about. P-RCE has a single cell layer which outputs a numeric response called as Fraud score. The lower the threshold the more no. of credit card fraud is detected. Higher the credit card detection threshold less no. of fraud is detected. With 2000000 transactions of Mellon Banks data from Oct-Nov 1991, nearly measuring 50 accounts per day 40% of the fraudulent transaction was observed but prior to use of P-RCE method in Mellon Banks feasibility study the result came out to be 1 fraudulent transaction per week on reviewing 750 account per day. The improvement in the fraud detection performance was undeniably considerable. The p attern recognition method can actually help the banks to reduce 20-40% (in total) credit card fraud losses. B. Support Virtual Machine Approach An online transaction has four entities: credit card holder, credit card, the seller and the buyer. There is an independent history of transactions with each set of entities in the data set. Each entity keeps almost a consistent behavior pattern in authorized transactions. The risk of a transaction can be estimated by calculating the inconsistency of a transaction from the history of authorized transactions. Let us define Xe(t) {a1, a2, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦, an) as the transactional set in the entitys history is equivalent to f(t) beingF(t) {seller, buyer, holder, card) set of entities. We calculate the score of transactions, by defining l = (l1 , l19) [3] with c as value of a feature, as SC(l,e,t) = count(c,Xe(t)) The idea to calculate how near a transaction is related to past authorized transactions therefore we consider only those transactions that are proved legitimate from Xe(t). To train and test a classifier (weight and score) we have a vector in conjunction with the classification: SVM (Support Vector Machines). They are essentially supervised learning models used for analyzing data and recognition of patterns. Using the traditional methods, raw data was classified with SVM to check the impact of general weight in the outcomes and reduce SVM complexity as well. SVM classifier was used in classifying the transactions as fraud or authorized resulting in 40-50% in most months with false alarm rate 10-12%. The online credit card fraud system can be detected and improvised with the Big Data Technologies framework. The main aim is to achieve the goal of fusing various detection methods to enhance the accuracy. A workflow was proposed [13] containing common designs of fraudulent system thus making it easier to integrate identification of fraud system. In recent years, big data platforms were released to process and operate data including MapReduce and Apache Hadoop frameworks (open source for MapReduce). Two components are primarily considered: spouts and bolts. The source of streams is referred to as spout which reads and sends tuples from external source into topology. The data processing is done by Bolt. With the reference, the paper proposes a hybrid structure with Big data efficient in solving challenges related to performance and integration. The basic workflow is defined [13] in the figure. QF- Quick filter, DSA Demper Shafer Adder (combining different fraud scores and generating a merged result), EF- Explicit filter. This workflow is designed by combining different algorithms together for a higher accuracy like two DSAs are combined so that we can aggregate their fraud score to get better accuracy; 2) Another aspect can be considered by combining supervised unsupervised fraud approaches to examine a good cover of types of fraud; 3) The filters used: QF detects only the behavior of card holder whereas EF detects the historical data in the whole model. So, to achieve faster filter we can combine QF and EF as well as to get better efficiency the combination is good to go. In this paper, we have reviewed two data mining detection methods of credit card fraud. The research papers which arent considered here might have comprehensive methods to research and implementations of new detection techniques. This research paper describes: The Neural Network can be implemented in banks to reduce the credit card fraudulent system with it P-RCE algorithm. 2) Support Vector machine can detect the frauds in ecommerce system real time but isnt much reliable for complex frauds. 3) Hybrid technology framework, the workflow is essential to detect frauds in offline system as the method but can improve accuracy, performance and efficiency. To develop a credit card fraud system, the neural network method is best suited according to my understanding as it is efficient, accurate and cost effective thus implemented in Mellon Bank. Neural Network method has some failures as well but gradually with new technology it can overcome. But to develop a strong fraud detection system using credit card we need to combine few more complex detecting methods. References [1] S. Ghosh and D. L. Reilly, Credit card fraud detection with a neural network, in System Sciences, 1994. Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh Hawaii International Conference on, vol. 3, Jan 1994, pp. 621-630. [2] G. F. Cooper and E. Herskovits. A Bayesian Method for the Induction of Probabilistic Networks from Data. Machine Learning, 9(4):309-347, 1992. Santiago, Gabriel Preti, Adriano Pereira, and Roberto Hirata Jr. A modeling approach for credit card fraud detection in electronic payment services. In Proceedings of the 30th Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, pp. 2328-2331. ACM, 2015. Online Credit Card Fraud Detection: A Hybrid Framework with Big Data Technologies You Daià ¢Ã‹â€ -, Jin Yanà ¢Ã‹â€ -, Xiaoxin Tangà ¢Ã‹â€ -, Han Zhaoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚   and Minyi Guoà ¢Ã‹â€ - à ¢Ã‹â€ -Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  School of Computer Science Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China Philip K. Chan, Wei Fan, Andreas 1. Prodromidir, and Salvotore 1. Stalfo, Distributed Data Mining in Credit Card Fraud Detection 2016 IEEE TrustCom/BigDataSE/ISPA H. Michael Chung Fredric C. Gey Data Mining, Knowledge Discovery, and Information Retrieval, Proceedings of the 34th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences 2001 Agrawal, Ayushi, Shiv Kumar, and Amit Kumar Mishra. Implementation of Novel Approach for Credit Card Fraud Detection. In Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom), 2015 2nd International Conference on, pp. 1-4. IEEE, 2015. [2008] Abhinav Srivastava, Amlan Kundu, Shamik Sural and Arun K. Majumdar, CreditCard Fraud Detection Using Hidden Markov Model IEEE, Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing, Vol. 5, No 1., January-March D. L. Reilly and L. N. Cooper, An overview ofneural networks: early models to real worldsystems, in An Introduction to Neural and Electronic Networks, ed. S. F. Zometzer, J. L. Davis and C. Lau, 227-248, Academic Press, (1990). S. Panigrahi, A. Kundu, S. Sural, and A. Majumdar, Credit card fraud detection: A fusion approach using dempstershafer theory and Bayesian learning, Information Fusion, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 354 363, 2009. Z. D. Zhao and M. s. Shang, User-based collaborative-filtering recommendation algorithms on hadoop, in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, 2010. WKDD 10. Third International Conference on, Jan 2010,pp. 478-481. [12] Jiang, Liangxiao, Harry Zhang, and Zhihua Cai. A novel Bayes model: Hidden naive Bayes. IEEE Transactions on knowledge and data engineering 21, no. 10 (2009): 1361-1371. [13] Dai, You, Jin Yan, Xiaoxin Tang, Han Zhao, and Minyi Guo. Online Credit Card Fraud Detection: A Hybrid Framework with Big Data Technologies. In Trustcom/BigDataSE/Ià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹ SPA, 2016 IEEE, pp. 1644-1651.IEEE, 2016.

Lolita :: essays research papers

IT SEEMS TO BE QUITE AMUSING THE WAY THAT SO MANY PEOPLE GET SO BENT OUT OF SHAPE ABOUT A MOVIE NOT FOLLOWING A BOOK EXACTLY. THAT IS THE BEAUTY OF PROSE, AND THE WONDER OF CINEMA. WHY SHOULD THERE BE A WORD FOR WORD VISUALIZATION OF SOMETHING THAT ALREADY EXISTS QUITE HAPPILY? LOLITA IS A COMPELLING NOVEL, A FASCINATION READ; IS IT WRONG FOR AN ARTIST SUCH AS KUBRICK, OR ANYONE ELSE TO SUCCEED IN CREATING THAT AWESOME WORLD OF HUMBERT AND THE HAYES LADIES? IS IT IMMORAL FOR YET ANOTHER ARTIST TO COME ALONG AND WANT TO DO IT AGAIN, HIS WAY? OF COURSE NOT. AND IF, FOR INSTANCE, A STUDENT LONGED TO ADAPT LOLITA TO A THESIS, WOULD HE BE CRITICIZED? WELL, IN THE LAST INSTANCE, PROBABLY, BECAUSE THERE ISN’T ENOUGH FAITH TO GO AROUND FOR ALL STUDENTS TO TAKE ON A PROJECT SUCH AS THAT. BUT THAT’S JUST THE POINT, ISN’T IT? WHY SHOULDN’T THAT STUDENT GO ON WITH HIS IDEAS AND MAKE THE FILM HE WANTS TO? WHO HAS THE ABSOLUTE AUTHORITY TO SAY THAT HE WON’T BE ABLE TO PULL IT OFF, OR THAT IT’S NOT SOMETHING HE SHOULD BE FOCUSING ON RIGHT NOW? IT’S A RECOGNIZED STORY THAT WILL GUARANTEE AT LEAST A LITTLE BIT OF ATTENTION. THERE ARE INFINITE POSSIBILITIES IN ART. CINEMA, PAINTING, WRITING, PHOTOGRAPHY, THEY YIELD SUCH AN INCREDIBLE AMOUNT OF FOCUS, AND TALENT, AND DECISION; NONE REPEATS ITSELF. WHEN INTERPRETATIONS ARE BRAINSTORMED, AND FINALLY REALIZED, THAT IS SOMEBODY’S ACHIEVEMENT, HOWEVER PERFECT OR IMPERFECT IN RELATION TO THE ORIGINAL. THERE ARE CRITICS WHO BELIEVE THAT MASTERPIECES ARE MEANT TO BE WHAT THEY ARE, AND THAT REMAKES ARE NOT WORTHY OF THEIR TITLES. BUT HOW CAN THIS BE, WHEN THERE ARE SO MANY THINGS NEW, AND SO MANY IDEAS STILL UNPRODUCED? TIME, ERAS, OUR PERSONAL EVOLUTION, GIVE US SO MUCH TO LOOK BACK ON, TO PONDER AND QUESTION. YOUNG ADULTS TODAY WILL READ LOLITA, AND WATCH THE FIRST MOVIE, AND THEN THE SECOND, AND THEY WILL BE MOST APT TO HONESTLY ENJOY THE LATEST RELEASE OVER KUBRICKS VERSION. THIS IS BECAUSE OF WHAT PEOPLE ARE ACCUSTOMED TO, OF COURSE. IF A VHS COPY OF LOLITA WITH JEREMY IRONS ON THE SLEEVE WAS SCREENED IN A GERIATRIC HOSPITAL, THE CONCLUSION WOULD BE MUCH DIFFERENT THAN IT WOULD BE AMONG YOUNG ADULTS. REPRODUCTIONS GIVE US WONDERFUL OPPORTUNITIES. LOLITA IS A SHINING EXAMPLE OF THIS.

Economic Viability Of Photovoltaic Cell Productions Environmental Sciences Essay

The UK Government and the bulk of developed states ‘ representatives have started paying a batch of attending towards low C breathing engineerings. This proposal is for the production of photovoltaic cells in an economic manner, to do this most abundant and clean fuel the cheapest and best option for people to utilize. Why should we breathe less Carbon in the ambiance, and shall we exchange to the energy resources which are less carbon emitting? Are we cognizant of our environment in which we live? Do we cognize the danger for humanity in the approaching centuries? Can we recognize that we are responsible for the depletion of clean air and other resources from our environment? The reply is NO. People in this money devising universe are non cognizant of their environment and besides they are non interested in taking attention of or their well-being. Increase in the figure of industries across the universe increases the sum of green house gases [ GHG ] emanation ( Mills, 2003 ) . Harmonizing to the 2010 figures obtained from the website State Master 2010, the Carbon emanation is at a unsafe degree in most of the industrialised states. As a consequence of increasing GHG in atmosphere our Earth is confronting a serious climatic alteration ne'er witnessed before. Already a immense hole has been identified in the ozone bed because of the increasing degree of toxin and GHG emanations. Global heating is now turning as a serious issue in all states and full universe is now seeking to take down the degree of toxic substances in atmosphere and to cut down planetary heating. Because of planetary heating glaciers and ice caps started runing in Polar Regions. If planetary heating continues in the same manner so our climatic status will alter drastically which will ensue in the depletion of human sort from Earth ( Weiss, et. Al, 2008 ) . Solar power panels are nil but combination of photovoltaic cells and rectifying tubes. When light falls on the surface of photovoltaic cells, it produces an induced voltage. When 1000s of photovoltaic cells are arranged in a panel and when all of them are connected in series, the electromotive force produced will acquire multiplied, therefore bring forthing a coveted electromotive force that can be used for place applications.Topographic points where you can implement solar power panels:Every street in every state has street visible radiations. All the street visible radiations can be made to work under solar power panels which save the sum of electricity. Solar power panels can be installed in every place to obtain power for running simple electrical contraption in places. The solar powered vehicles can assist finally cut downing the sum of C emanation ( Kaelin et. al. , 2004 ) . If we use solar power in the fabrication sectors so there is a immense possibility of cut downing the em anation of C dioxide in the ambiance.The major cause behind planetary heating:Research workers have found out that most of the climatic job which we face today is because of the emanation of carbon-dioxide. Whatever procedure we do, we emit carbon-dioxide. Industries are seeking to develop new engineerings in order to take down the sum of carbon-dioxide emitted into atmosphere. Apart from the increasing figure of industries there is a drastic lessening in the figure of trees across the universe. This is another major ground for high emanation of C dioxide in ambiance. Though there are many toxic substances emitted in atmosphere, most of the jobs are created merely due to carbon dioxide. So research workers and common people are now seeking to cut down the per centum of C emanation in ambiance.How to cut down C emanation?As we are now forced to cut down the C emanation sum, research workers and engineer are in a Hunt to happen out alternate attack. New methodological analysiss are de veloped and provided to people. When people use those methods finally emanation of C is traveling to be reduced. There are some power coevals methods from which you can achieve zero C emanation. Zero C power coevals methods will utilize natural resources for bring forthing power like hydro power, solar power, air current power, geothermic power and besides atomic power. ( Mckinnon et. al. , 2010 ) . If we use natural gas as our energy beginning we can achieve minimal sum of C emanation. Even if we use natural gas method the sum of C emitted can be captured and stored utilizing advanced methodological analysiss which prevents C from come ining into our ambiance. Everything is in the custodies of current and approaching coevalss as merely they can cut down the sum of C emitted into atmosphere. For illustration, they should seek to minimise the use of cars for unneeded state of affairss, cut down the use of air conditioners and iceboxs, and avoid combustion of fossil fuels and plastics and many more ( Mills, 2003 ) . To maintain our environment safe, it is of import that people around the Earth start utilizing clean fuel. No other fuel can be every bit clean as solar energy resource. We can work out energy related issues by utilizing this beginning. There are few companies who have succeeded in bring forthing photovoltaic cells for mundane usage. Still it is non the most utilised signifier of energy. The intent of this research proposal is to happen ways of doing solar energy use more common.Cardinal issues:Solar energy is a great energy resource. Still there are barriers to its common use. Although the engineering has proven to be environment friendly and more dependable for the future coevalss, it is still non used by multitudes. Marketability of a merchandise depends on several different factors such as affordability, nest eggs, practicality, and handiness in general. At present usage of solar energy is low-cost and practical. Still, people are non utilizing it to the extent they should. They still non gestate it as an economically feasible energy resource for them. In the under developed parts of the universe, there are really few companies which are bring forthing photoelectric cells that can be used by multitudes. The state of affairs, nevertheless, is different in the developed universe. Sing the figures given by Nation Master, if a clean fuel ( photovoltaic cells ) replaces other C breathing signifiers of energy in the developed states, the concerns of conservationists will be taken attention of. The issue here is that, although the photovoltaic cells are proven to be environment friendly, they are now available to multitudes and they are economically feasible excessively, it is still non the preferable fuel for multitudes. How should we travel about replacing all other C breathing beginnings of energy in every office and every place across the state with solar energy? This could be a immense effort, but one that truly should be deserving while, since if these syste ms worked good we could be salvaging the Earth and human sort a batch of heartache sing non renewable energy every bit good as pollution and of class money salvaging for concerns. The inquiry of marketing the merchandise to multitudes is what we need to reply.Research AimsThe aims of my research, in a nutshell, are as follows: To analyze the barriers to advancing solar power coevals and use as a fuel for multitudes. To analyze the implicit in grounds of ‘Why the solar engineering has non been feasible and common so far ‘ . To research if there has been any betterments in the bing engineering to do it be effectual solution to provide to the whole energy demands of a house or little concern. If non, what are the restraints and demand for betterments. Finding the economically feasible solution for little concerns. How to do it practically feasible for little concern and families, and how it can be taken to multitudes. To analyze the impacts of promotional activities towards doing the engineering common. I will roll up primary and secondary informations to analyze the impacts.Literature ReviewGlobal heating is the hot subject across the Earth. Scientists and research workers are seeking to happen some ways to cut down the sum of C dioxide being emitted into our ambiance. Already Earth has witnessed the consequences of C emanations in the signifier of depletion of ozone bed and thaw of glaciers and ice caps in the Polar Regions. If this status prevails and planetary heating tends to increase for the approaching old ages, there is a great menace to the following coevals of human sort ( Kaelin et. al. , 2004 ) . From the study of ESTIF ( 2007 ) , it is clear that if this status prevails for following century so evidently our full human sort will be at the hazard of extinction. Is at that place any manner to cut down the green house consequence? Is at that place any manner to cut down or even to avoid the emanation of C into our ambiance? Yes. There are many other natural energy resources utilizing which you can even forestall the emanation of C into our ambiance. Natural energy resources are available in the signifier of H2O, air, air current, solar and atomic. Among the signifiers of energy resources mentioned above, it is solar energy which we get more abundant than other beginnings of energy. Weiss et.al ( 2008 ) references that it is merely through heat energy we are making most of our twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours activities. Using solar powered generators you can easy bring forth the necessary sum of electricity that can run some electrical contraptions in your place. Solar power panels can be easy installed in your places from which you can easy bring forth and hive away power that can be used for any electrical intent. Solar power panels are now popular across the universe and most authoritiess are now seeking to pin down the maximal sum of solar power they obtain. We know that about half the solar power is radiated from Earth ‘s surface, which when trapped can be efficaciously used for power coevals intents. If solar power coevals techniques are implemented successfully, we can easy cut down the emanation of C to a greater extent. Mckinnon et. Al. ( 2010 ) have discussed the market size merely in UK for solar energy utilizing devices. The information from 2009 Tells us that companies and public corporations make up 58.2 % of the UK endeavors, 24.4 % are exclusive owners and in conclusion non-profits make up 3.9 % and partnerships 13.5 % . This information is rather important as we know that many companies are proprietaries and merely little concerns. The proficient sector of the economic system ( including scientific and professional ) makes up 15 per centum of endeavors in the UK and it is a sector that would certainly utilize new engineering such as that of a solar electric generator. Another sector that is really note worthy is the buildings sector which makes up 13.4 per centum of endeavors, as concerns in this sector would most surely use new engineering, as they are in the concern of edifice, so why non construct with the latest engineering. When looking at the sizes of companies it is really note worthy that 88.7 % of UK concerns have less than 10 employed, which normally means it is a little company, and 98 % have less than 50 and merely 0.4 % has an employment of over 250. This clearly shows how many little concerns there are in the UK and if 88.7-98 % of concerns in the UK switched to new non-carbon emitting engineering for electricity, there would no uncertainty be a immense positive consequence on the environment. It is true that even though really big companies make up merely a little figure of the concerns in the UK they still produced hundred of times more emanations than the little companies combined, as it is mentioned earlier, the big companies would be certain to put in such engineering as it would be really of import for them public dealingss wise. If a big company choose NOT to travel ‘green ‘ while other big companies do, consumers would decidedly head to the ‘green ‘ competition. So with the big concerns reasonably good forced to subject to the new engineering, is it worth doing it come-at-able and doing the investing for the 98 % smaller companies? Well yes. strength is in Numberss, right! ( Izquierdo et. al. , 2010 ) . With the sheer figure of little concerns in the UK, there would be an undoubted impact if they all went with the new engineering, as through their Numberss little companies have a big impact.MethodologyThe basic methodological analysis I will follow during this research will be to roll up information through dependable secondary beginnings. I will analyze the impacts of marketing attempts of two solar cells making/distributing companies from UK over the buying form of their mark market. The organisations I have selected are: ECOSOL UK Solar Century UK Initially, I will establish my research on secondary informations. If, nevertheless, the published beginnings turn out to be less so required, I will roll up primary informations through questionnaire methods. For my research, I will analyze secondary informations about the two above mentioned houses. After informations aggregation, it will be classified, and analysis will be done. The analysis might necessitate the usage of some statistical tools which will be used as per demand. Interpretations will be made on the footing of this analysis. The research therefore will be done non merely qualitatively but it will besides be quantitative.Ethical ConsiderationsWhile roll uping the information, it will be ensured that no confidential/classified information offered by the companies is misused. The information will be protected. Name callings of the participants in my primary informations aggregation interviews/survey will non be displaced in any state of affairs. The company informations and any personal information collected during this research will be safe guarded carefully to guarantee no information larceny or abuse of information.Undertaking TeamThis research will be carried out under the supervising of my supervisor. I will roll up the information for analysis, and will make a thorough research on the bing state of affairs and will show my findings in written signifier.Undertaking TasksTo transport on this research, I will analyze about the bing market state of affairs and about the already explored possibilities of utilizing solar energy as the chief energy resource in our mundane life. Use of solar energy as the most of import energy resource by multitudes has many advantages. The nest eggs would be great. Huge cost decrease in the usage of electrical energy, and this energy beginning would be much less taxing on the Earth thanks to no more C emanations, it ‘s a renewable beginning that we are non traveling to run out of and the Earth would be health ier and safer for future coevalss. There is no uncertainty that the benefits are immense, for the Earth, for people and for concern. Large concerns would be all over it right from the start, nevertheless, there are far greater figure of little concerns than big concerns, how can these little concerns be convinced that the solar energy resource is good, and one time they are positive how can it be made practical for them to utilize photovoltaic energy?Progress So FarThe clip taken up boulder clay now has been utilized in preliminary degree research. The undertakings which will necessitate to be done to successfully finish this research are: First undertaking to be done is to be after the whole procedure. It will take a hebdomad to complete the program and to get down working on it. This undertaking will be done by the terminal of December 2010, before the winter interruption. This undertaking includes readying of questionnaires and other research tools every bit good. After the undertakings are planned and it comes to the executing, the following measure would be research. This is the toughest portion, and I will necessitate a month for it. The month of January, 2010 and some portion of February will be dedicated to this undertaking. This stage includes informations aggregation through primary and secondary resources. This is the toughest stage as the two above mentioned companies will be contacted and informations will be collected about them. The last hebdomad of February, 2011 will be spent in sorting and analysing the information. The last 3 hebdomads of February, and some portion of March 2011 will be spent in composing the existent thesis article. March 2011 will be spent in redacting the thesis as per my supervisor ‘s instructions and the concluding undertakings like printing and binding for concluding entries will besides be done during this clip frame. Even though we are allowed until the terminal of April, 2011, I want to let myself some slack clip in instance I needed to make redacting.Resources requiredTo transport out this research, I will necessitate entree to library, cyberspace and on-line libraries for literature reappraisal, research and secondary informations aggregation. To reach the companies, a missive of recognition will be required from the university. I will besides necessitate a tape recording equipment for the unfastened ended inquiries of my questionnaire for primary informations aggregation. Stationery will be required for completion of the undertaking.Undertaking CostThe entire cost of this undertaking that I will hold to bear will be my ain traveling disbursals to see the company offices, and the cost of printing, and adhering the thesis.

Existentialism: Philosophy of Life and Existence Essay

Existentialism â€Å"Existentialism is an attitude that recognizes the unresolvable confusion of the human world, yet resists the all-too-human temptation to resolve the confusion by grasping toward whatever appears or can be made to appear firm or familiar†¦The existential attitude begins a disoriented individual facing a confused world that he cannot accept. † (Robert Solomon) Existentialist all share a common concern with what they have coined as the â€Å"Human Condition. † They tend to ask: †¢Why am I here? †¢What does it mean to be human? †¢How should I go about living my life? Existentialism is more of individual rather than social. They, Existentialist need to justify their existence. For them, they’re having their journey in life to know their purpose based on their own philosophy, according to EDU310 Foundations of Learning. There is no predetermined definition or purpose. We are free to make our own definitions through choices that lead toward self-definition. Students are free agents, responsible for creating their own selves and purpose. Everything learned is a tool toward the realization of one’s own subjectivity. Standardized testing restricts the interpersonal relationship between teacher and student. Value-laden students are vital, as is authentic assessment. Therefore, Existentialism is a philosophy concerned with human existence, self-discovery, and the search for life’s meaning based on free will, experiences, beliefs, laws, and traditions. How does existentialism connect to Axiology and Metaphysics? (Branches of philosophy) In Education, Existentialism is very important, because as an Educator we should know each child’s life, existence and story behind their attitudes and characters, for us to become an effective educator, according to Bethel Jadem. For example, a child has a problem and suddenly changed his/her attitude; we have to know the reason behind it for us to understand him/her. We should know also their philosophy and belief in life so that we could better adjust, know and appreciate their existence as well. To show the connective thread between Axiology and existentialism and metaphysics and existentialism the terms need to first be defined. †¢Axiology is the study of value. It is the branch of philosophy that deals with the nature and types of value such as in ethics and religion. (â€Å"What and why do you value? †) †¢Metaphysics is (â€Å"What is real? †) In connection to axiology, an example of existentialism is: According to EDU 301 Foundations of Learning, studying the ethics of the Christian and Jewish religions is an example of a study in axiology. Therefore, if a child growing up in a Christian home has strong beliefs about God he/she values her beliefs and therefore concludes that here existence is solely because of God. â€Å" There is a purpose for my existence, God will show me the way. † In connection to metaphysics, an example of existentialism is: Since â€Å"this† exists, that cannot exist. â€Å"John was walking (this) on water (that). † There is only knowledge of how, beyond what is given, so inferred to make the situation valid with natural cause. As a metaphysical example, if he could walk on water, maybe he had water in his shoes. There is also questions that go beyond what we know. Such as â€Å"is there a â€Å"first† cause? † Or is time â€Å"infinite†? Since we ourselves can have no observation of such truth, only inference based on given present events, it becomes Metaphysical.

Research Paper Guidelines †Getting the Great Grade You Want

Research Paper Guidelines – Getting the Great Grade You Want Most instructors and professors assume that students know exactly how to produce a scholarly research paper. This may not be the case If, in their highs schools, students were not required to craft good research works. They enter college only having a very basic idea of what a research paper is but none of the details that make a paper meet expectations at the college level. If you are in this situation, here are some key research paper guidelines that will get you through the research and writing process and get you a good grade. Choosing a Topic This is a bit more complex than you make think. When you are assigned a research paper, you will be given a length and a required minimum number of resources to use. Both of these will impact the topic you select. Use this process: Begin by selecting a broad area that interests you. Narrow that broad area down into smaller topic areas. You may find these as section headings in your text book a good place to start. Now you need to find out if your topic is too broad or too narrow for the length requirements. One of the best ways to do this is to look online and pull up sample papers on the same topic. What are the lengths of these? If they fit then you know your topic is appropriate. The Process Part of the purpose of this research paper guide is to give students some tricks and short-cuts that will streamline the process. As you read through these steps, you will see that the whole production can be made a lot easier than you may have thought. The Research: Follow these simple steps Remember the sample papers you found online. Go back and get the one that you liked the best. Download and print it out. No, you are not going to plagiarize it! You are going to see how it is structured. What sections are included? You can use the same sub-topic sections as those in this paper, and your organization has already been done for you. Look at the resources used for the sample paper. Are they current? Are they appropriate for college level (no encyclopedias, etc.)? If so, then you might want to use those same resource materials. This save you a huge amount of time searching for source materials. If they are not, dont use them, of course. Do the Research. Now that you have your sub-topic already identified, you will be able take notes on notecards and then place each notecard in a stack for the suitable sub-topic. Just make sure that you put the source and page number at the top of each notecard. The Outline: This has already been simplified for you. Each of your sub-topics will have a Roman numeral and the details that you will present under each topic are contained on your notecards. Your only decision is in what order you will present the information. Again, you may want to look at that sample as you make these decisions. Writing the Rough Draft: This should be a relatively easy process now. You simply follow your outline. One of the most important research paper writing tips is that you should not be overly concerned with your grammar and punctuation at this point. You want to get your ideas down on paper. And if you have grammar and spell check on your word processing program, most of them will be caught anyway. The one detail you must really be mindful of is to get your sources in for your citations if you dont do that now, you will be scrambling to find the source later on not a pretty picture. The Revision: You have a couple of choices. If you are not a really skilled writer, then you dont want to be editing and revising you own paper. There are some great apps out there right now that you could purchase very cheaply. You copy and paste your paper in and you will have any grammar, agreement, punctuation and other errors flagged, along with suggestions for fixing the mistake. What could be easier? Barring that, you can send you paper off to an online writing service for editing. This is pretty reasonable in cost too. Your Formatting: Again, technology is just wonderful! There are app for formatting too. So you can just enter your source information, select the style you need, and the bibliographical information will be created perfectly for you. These research paper tips should really help you. Just remember, there is an old saying Dont re-invent the wheel. What this means is that if someone else has already developed a good plan, product, services, etc., there is no need for you to invent it all over again. If someone else has a great structure for a research paper on your topic, then use that structure as you create your own.

Why growth is good Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Why growth is good - Essay Example This essay discusses that in the beginning of the article Why Growth is Good, the author frankly asserts, â€Å"Economic growth is slowing in the United States. It’s also slowing in Japan, France, Britain, Italy, Spain, and Canada. It’s even slowing in China.† Apparently, this claim has not been statistically interpreted or supported in the article which may be regarded as a significant drawback. Yet, the claim is simple and has a well defined argument. We can see in our day-to-day experience that in the developed countries, demands are lowering, unemployment is increasing and no significant industrial start-up is taking place. The next important claim is that Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is a very important standard in measuring the socio-economic situation of a country. Unfortunately, the writer has not provided with a contextual definition of GDP anywhere in the article. Also, the writer is apparently not much worried about the controversies regarding GDP, whi le academicians are debating over it more and more. However, Reich (2010) forthrightly writes, â€Å"Nations with high and growing GDPs have more overall capacity; those with low or slowing GDPs have less.† This argument reflects that the author tries to establish a proportional relationship between the GDP of a country and its overall prosperity. The author argues, â€Å"The United States has the largest capacity in the world. But relative to other rich nations it chooses to devote a larger proportion of that capacity to consumer goods, health care, and the military.†... Further, Reich (2010) has put significant blame on the United States for today’s gloomy economic situation. The author argues, â€Å"The United States has the largest capacity in the world. But relative to other rich nations it chooses to devote a larger proportion of that capacity to consumer goods, health care, and the military.† (Reich, 2010) In this way, the author tries to focus at the irresponsible behaviour of the United States and indirectly regrets that it did not take up a proactive role in handling the global economic slowdown. Evidences The author avoids providing statistical evidences in favour of his claims in the article. However, circumstantial evidences have been put forward. In the context of slowing growth, Reich writes that if the governments continue to hack away at their fiscal policies and budgets while the consumers are becoming more watchful about their expenses, â€Å"global demand will shrink to the point where a worldwide dip is inevitableâ €  (Reich, 2010). This tendency of the governments have sent shockwaves across the corporate sector, who are now trying to downsize their organisations leading to job cuts (Kumar and Pranjal, 2009). Similarly, Howitt (2007, p. 10) points out that â€Å"the speedup of productivity growth since the mid-1990s† is gradually slowing down. Nell (1998) has focussed on the interfaces between growth driven economic models and social economic theories. His rejection to conservative economics has not found much practical implication. Unplanned chasing of profits has finally resulted into a sort of global economic slump, which was gradually becoming evident since the 1960s with plummeting trends of growth. Figure – 1: Falling GDP growth

INTERNATIONAL STUDIES IN BUSINESS Research Paper - 1

INTERNATIONAL STUDIES IN BUSINESS - Research Paper Example The Ottoman Turks started their conquest of Turkey in the early 13th century by overpowering the Turkish and Mongol bands and taking over the Christian Balkan states (Rhodes, 2004). The Turks captured Constantinople in 1453 and conquered Vienna about 200 years later. The Ottoman Empire, which dominated the region for approximately 600 years, collapsed politically, administratively, and economically after its defeat in World War I (Szczepanski, 2014). National hero Mustafa Kemal founded present day Turkey in 1923. Mustafa Kemal was honored with the title Ataturk which means ‘Father of the Turks’ Turkey is besieged with corruption and favoritism in government and daily life (Eroglu & Picak, 2011). The government has initiated some anti corruption measures; however the stringent implementation of these strictures still remains an issue. Turkish is the official language of the country. A vast majority, 90 percent, of the people in the country speak Turkish. In addition to Turkish, the Kurdish language is spoken by around 6 percent of the population. The other minority languages include Arabic, Circassian, Greek, Armenian and Judezmo (BBC Monitoring European, 2009). The Turkish society has a rich culinary culture which is evident from the vast variety of food items including eggplant dishes, salads, kebab, hamsi,  and pastrami  available in the country. The food habits of the Turkish vary according to geographic regions, socio-economic status, and religious structures and norms. The business culture in Turkey is pretty formal. Exchanging cards during the introductions is a norm. The Turkish are extremely hospitable and view foreigners as their guests. Meetings in person are preferred over telephonic conversations. Businesses thrive on relationships, trust and rapport with other stakeholders. Informal dresses in a business meeting are deemed to be lack of seriousness (Business Culture, 2014). Turkey is fundamentally a free-market economy where the